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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

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贵州省黔西市新仁苗族乡化屋村党支部书记许蕾——发展特色产业带动村民增收******

　　吃过午饭，许蕾照例前往六冲河畔观光步道施工处。河岸边，工人们正拿着锄头平整路面，推着小推车运石头。经过两个多月的施工，观光步道已初具雏形。

　　许蕾是党的二十大代表、贵州省黔西市新仁苗族乡党委副书记、化屋村党支部书记。两个多月前，在北京参会的许蕾接到消息，村里观光步道动工了。刚从北京回来，许蕾就赶到施工现场，鼓励大家争取在春节前完工，“这样就能在春节假期接待游客了。”许蕾说。

　　化屋村地处乌江上游，位于乌江源百里画廊风景区内。这些年，依托独特的山水风光，化屋村的乡村旅游发展越来越红火。“但还有不小的提升空间。”许蕾说，村里虽有旅游公路，但未实现人车分流，离河边又远，游客难以近距离欣赏沿河风光。

　　今年4月，许蕾等村干部和村民们合计，决定沿河修建一条观光步道。从争取项目资金到讨论设计方案，半年多的时间里，许蕾没少费心思。

　　听说观光步道要修到自己家门口，化屋村村民王光元积极加入施工队。这几年，王光元开起了农家乐。“观光步道修好后，会有更多游客过来，农家乐的收入估计能翻番。”王光元说。

　　王光元承担观光步道部分路段的施工管理工作，每天工资约200元，普通工人每天也有150元至180元的收入。“为保障村民就近就业，观光步道项目资金的30%用于支付村民工资。”许蕾说。

　　村里房屋改造也是许蕾的操心事。“结合村民意愿，适宜发展餐饮民宿的，对其房屋外立面进行统一改造，展现少数民族村寨的独特风貌。”许蕾说。

　　去北京参会，许蕾带了两套展示苗绣和蜡染元素的服饰，让更多人了解化屋村的特色苗绣。还没等许蕾回村，订单就从四面八方飞向了化屋村。

　　“嗒嗒嗒……”苗绣车间里，村民杨飞和其他工人正忙着赶工。“许书记，200多套订单，我们大约完成一半了。”杨飞十几岁时就学习苗绣手艺，前些年一直在外做水泥工，见家乡大力发展苗绣，她在2019年回到化屋村，成为苗绣车间的一名绣娘。“工资和在外打工差不多，还能照顾老人小孩。”杨飞说。

　　“党的二十大报告提出，发展乡村特色产业，拓宽农民增收致富渠道。立足化屋村的资源禀赋，我们大力发展苗绣、黄粑、黄姜、黄牛等产业，村里的合作社取得了不错的效益。”许蕾介绍，今年6月30日，合作社给村民分红60余万元，春节前还将进行分红。2021年，化屋村村民人均可支配收入达1.93万元。（记者汪志球陈隽逸）

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

[责编：天天中]

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